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It tracks cash spent on making business acquisitions, loan payments, investment in securities, capital expenditure, etc, and cash received from the sale of assets, divestiture of subsidiaries, collection on loans, and so on.",[],{"_key":1033,"_type":165,"children":1034,"markDefs":1039,"style":1002},"k42",[1035],{"_key":1036,"_type":169,"marks":1037,"text":1038},"k41",[925],"Financing activities",[],{"_key":1041,"_type":165,"children":1042,"markDefs":1047,"style":186},"k45",[1043],{"_key":1044,"_type":169,"marks":1045,"text":1046},"k44",[],"The financing activities section covers cash spent on and received from external financing. Financing cash flow examples include earnings from loans, investment, dividend payments, and stock sales, and expenses on account of debt repayment, dividend disbursal to investors, and stock buybacks.",[],{"_key":1049,"_type":165,"children":1050,"markDefs":1055,"style":928},"k48",[1051],{"_key":1052,"_type":169,"marks":1053,"text":1054},"k47",[925],"Direct method",[],{"_key":1057,"_type":165,"children":1058,"markDefs":1063,"style":186},"k51",[1059],{"_key":1060,"_type":169,"marks":1061,"text":1062},"k50",[],"The direct method for calculating cash flow from operating activities only covers actual cash transactions, such as cash received from customers or paid to employees, vendors, and as interest. 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This number can often run into the hundreds and thousands.",[],{"_key":1100,"_type":165,"children":1101,"markDefs":1106,"style":186},"k68",[1102],{"_key":1103,"_type":169,"marks":1104,"text":1105},"k67",[],"Direct cash flow statements might be viewed as inaccurate by some as they don't account for accrued accounts payable and accounts receivable. In accrual-basis accounting, earnings are documented at the moment they are owed to the company, not when they are paid. 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An indirect cash flow statement is also comparatively easier to prepare because it starts with net income, which is found in the income statement and also called net profit., So, you take net income and adjust for non-cash transactions such as accounts receivable, accounts payable, depreciation, amortisation, changes in inventory, and so on. 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Instead, it offers a broader, more strategic view of a company's financial health. Also, the non-cash adjustments on an indirect cash flow statement can give a distorted reading – for example, adding depreciation to net income might suggest healthy cash flow even when the company is facing a liquidity crunch.",[],{"_key":1439,"_type":165,"children":1440,"markDefs":1445,"style":928},"k223",[1441],{"_key":1442,"_type":169,"marks":1443,"text":1444},"k222",[925],"Direct and indirect cash management",[],{"_key":1447,"_type":165,"children":1448,"markDefs":1453,"style":186},"k226",[1449],{"_key":1450,"_type":169,"marks":1451,"text":1452},"k225",[],"While the direct and indirect methods take different routes to calculating operating cash flow, they arrive at the same net cash flow. 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A negative figure can deter investors while a positive number can indicate a company is on the pathway of growth. However, a proper analysis is needed to unveil the underlying causes behind the numbers. Negative cash flow, for example, might be due to heavy investments with an eye on future growth and, therefore, not necessarily bad. Similarly, a positive number might be because the business is stagnant and not making any investments.",[],{"_key":1679,"_type":165,"children":1680,"markDefs":1685,"style":928},"k340",[1681],{"_key":1682,"_type":169,"marks":1683,"text":1684},"k339",[925],"Cash flow projections",[],{"_key":1687,"_type":165,"children":1688,"markDefs":1693,"style":186},"k343",[1689],{"_key":1690,"_type":169,"marks":1691,"text":1692},"k342",[],"Cash flow statements help predict cash levels in the future using anticipated outflows and inflows. This is called cash flow projection and it empowers companies to plan for the future. 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